Temperature
Whilst heat can be used to calculate how much internal energy a substance contains, temperature represents the intensity of that energy.
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy that the molecules of a substance contain. Substances with more kinetic energy have a higher temperature than substances with lower kinetic energy.
In order to compare the temperature of substances, a common measurement scale is required. Common units of measurement for temperature are Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F) and Kelvin (K).
- Celsius – tends to be favoured in Europe. Fresh water boils at 100°C and freezes at 0°C.
- Fahrenheit – tends to be favoured in the Americas. Fresh water boils at 212 °F and freezes at 32°F. Saltwater freezes at 0 °F. Fahrenheit is an imperial form of measurement.
- Kelvin – one of the seven SI units (International System of Units). Fresh water boils at 373 K and freezes at 273 K. One Kelvin is equal in magnitude to one Celsius, but the scales used are different. Kelvin is a metric form of measurement.
Celsius and Fahrenheit Thermometer Comparison
Temperature Conversions
Celsius to Fahrenheit
(°C × 9/5) + 32 = °F
Example
(1°C × 9/5) + 32 = 33.8°F
Fahrenheit to Celsius
(°F − 32) × 5/9 = °C
Example
(1°F − 32) × 5/9 = -17.22°C
Additional Resources
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature
https://engineering.fandom.com/wiki/Temperature
https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-temperature-definition-lesson-quiz.html
https://www.open.edu/openlearn/ocw/mod/oucontent/view.php?printable=1&id=3312