Thermodynamics Laws

 

Thermodynamics is the study of thermal energy and how it is transferred to other forms. The ‘therm’ of thermodynamics relates to ‘thermal’ whilst ‘dynamic’ refers to the changing/transferring state of the thermal energy.

There are two thermodynamic laws of importance when learning about steam.

 

First Law of Thermodynamics – energy cannot be destroyed, or created, it can only change form.

Second Law of Thermodynamics – heat flows from hot to cold.

 

Example of the First Law of Thermodynamics (energy conversion)

A power station boiler burns fuel thus transferring the chemical energy of the fuel into thermal energy via the process of combustion. This thermal energy is then transferred to a steam system, then to a steam turbine. The steam turbine converts the steam’s energy into mechanical energy i.e. steam passing through the turbine causes it to rotate. Finally, the turbine is connected to a generator and the generator converts the mechanical energy supplied by the turbine to electrical energy.

Example of the Second Law of Thermodynamics (hot to cold)

A boiler transfers the heat from combustion to the water in the boiler i.e. the heat travels from hot to cold.

Second Law of Thermodynamics (hot to cold)

Second Law of Thermodynamics (hot to cold)

 

Additional Resources

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laws_of_thermodynamics

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/the-laws-of-thermodynamics

https://www.livescience.com/50776-thermodynamics.html